A Detailed Review of State-Of-The-Art Clustering Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks in IoT
The rapid expansion of Internet-connected devices now includes not only smartphones but also diverse systems capable of data collection and operation in outdoor environments. Within this context, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a pivotal role in the…
Challenge in Last-Mile: Connectivity and Hardware
…coverage, rural and remote regions suffer from slow, unreliable, or unavailable internet access. Hardware limitations, infrastructure gaps, high costs, and complex terrains widen the digital divide. This document examines major barriers in last-mile…
Bridging the Digital Divide: Infrastructure, Access and Digital Literacy in India
…reveal persistent urban–rural, inter-state, and gender gaps despite rising overall internet penetration. The paper argues that bridging the digital divide requires an integrated policy approach that simultaneously addresses infrastructure gaps,…
Access of Rural People to Digital Financial Services and Government Initiatives to Strengthen Financial Inclusion
Rajagopalan, S.; Shiddharthy, R.
…key obstacles such as low digital literacy, inadequate infrastructure, and limited internet connectivity. The paper also examines various government programs and policies designed to enhance financial inclusion, such as the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana…
A Hybrid Genetic Algorithm-Based Secure Multipath Routing Protocol with Trust-Aware Clustering for Performance Optimization in MANETS
…(MANET) have been utilized in different fields, such as power conservation, and the Internet of Things (IoT), etc.The present routing protocols employed in MANETs are limited by the concomitant issues. The network's design challenges include limiting energy…
Digital financial inclusion and among rural population
…challenges faced by rural communities, such as limited digital awareness, inadequate internet connectivity, cyber security concerns, and trust-related issues in digital transactions. Based on secondary data from government reports and existing empirical…
Sustainable Urban Development and Smart Cities
…challenges while aligning with global sustainability goals. Smart cities leverage Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and renewable energy systems to optimize urban functions like mobility, energy use, and waste management.…
Emerging Technologies in Education and Digital Learning Platforms
…Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), Big Data Analytics, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things (IoT), and Blockchain are playing a crucial role in modern education. Digital learning platforms like Learning Management Systems (LMS), Massive Open…
Awareness and Perception of Digital Transformation among Skill-Oriented Youth in Rural Areas: Evidence from E-Education and E-Payment Platforms
Gayathri, M.; Vijaya Chithra, T.
…of digital infrastructure, increased smartphone penetration, and widespread internet accessibility have significantly transformed the way individuals access services, acquire knowledge, and conduct financial transactions. Within this evolving…
Infrastructure Development and Digital Economy
…paper mainly focuses on digital Infrastructure development in India like high-speed internet, Unique Identity of citizens, mobile banking, Common Service Center (CSC), cloud space for citizens, government e- Marketplace, open forge project and digital…
Harnessing Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Growth, Security and Global Competitiveness
As emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, the internet of things (IoT), cloud computing, quantum computing, 5G networks, and cybersecurity solutions, continue to advance at a rapid pace, they are transforming both the…
Digital Transformation in Commerce – Catalysing Economic Growth in Bharat 2047
…and data, revolutionizes retail and financial services. Government programs enhance internet penetration—projected to reach 82% by 2047—while fintech innovations drive financial inclusion and startup ecosystems. These elements collectively boost…
A Novel Collaborative Edge-Computing Framework for Intelligent Resource Management in IoT-Enabled Smart Cities
The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in smart cities has generated unprecedented volumes of heterogeneous data requiring real-time processing, low latency, and efficient resource utilization. Traditional cloud-centric architectures…
Socio-Economic Determinants of Digital Exclusion: An Analytical Study
…disadvantaged backgrounds often face limited access to digital devices and reliable internet connectivity, while low levels of education and digital skills restrict effective technology use. Rural populations continue to experience infrastructural deficits…
Harnessing Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Growth, Security and Global Competitiveness
As emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, the internet of things (IoT), cloud computing, quantum computing, 5G networks, and cybersecurity solutions, continue to advance at a rapid pace, they are transforming both the…
Role of Public Sector Banks and Regional Rural Banks in India’s Digital Banking Transformation
…reach, PSBs have adopted advanced digital technologies such as mobile banking, internet banking, Unified Payments Interface (UPI), Core Banking Solutions (CBS), and digital lending platforms to enhance customer convenience, improve operational…
A Novel Collaborative Edge-Computing Framework for Intelligent Resource Management in IoT-Enabled Smart Cities
The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in smart cities has generated unprecedented volumes of heterogeneous data requiring real-time processing, low latency, and efficient resource utilization. Traditional cloud-centric architectures…
Digital Literacy and Educational Gaps: Challenges and Pathways Toward Inclusive Development
…literacy and education gaps, including the digital divide, access to technology, internet connectivity, and skill development. It further highlights major challenges faced by learners and proposes strategic measures such as inclusive digital policies,…
Smart curtain control system
The rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has enabled the development of intelligent home automation systems that enhance user convenience, accessibility, and energy efficiency. This paper presents the design and implementation of a Smart…
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